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Rev. Asoc. Colomb. Cien. Biol. (En línea) ; 1(31): 61-72, 2019. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1379060

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El cáncer colorrectal es una carga para la salud pública en Colombia y el mundo. Estudios de asociación genética han identificado regiones cromosómicas asociadas a esta enfermedad, mostrando riesgo variable entre poblaciones, debido a la historia demográfica y la ancestría genética. Objetivo. Estudiar el riesgo que aportan 20 marcadores al cáncer colorrectal en Colombia, empleando 955 casos y 972 controles del consorcio CHIBCHA, analizando conjuntamente el efecto de la ancestría genética global y local. Metodología. Las muestras se genotipificaron usando microarreglos Axyom Affymetrix LAT y CUSTOME, para obtener los genotipos genómicos globales, incluyendo 20 SNPs de riesgo. Los análisis estadísticos se realizaron en PLINK (asociaciones), ADMIXTURE (ancestría global), Elai (ancestría local) y R (modelos logísticos). Resultados. Once regiones cromosómicas resultaron asociadas presentando ORs entre 1.14 y 1.41 (p<0.05): 18q21.1, 19q13.11, 10p14, 14q.2.2, 20p12.3, 8q23.3, 6p21.2, 15q13.3 y 8q24.21. Una mayor ancestría europea se asoció con el riesgo a nivel global (OR=3.016, IC 95%:1.162-7.894, p=0.00325), y a nivel cromosómico local se detectaron las regiones 6q23.2 (ORajustado=1.378, IC95%: 1.202-1.580, Pajustado=4.2e-6) y 4p13 (ORajustado=1.301, IC95%:1.137-1.489; Pajustado=0.00013). Conclusiones. La ancestría podría considerarse un factor en la explicación de la susceptibilidad en Colombia, indicando que la mezcla genética de origen amerindio y europeo, influye en la estructura poblacional y explicaría las diferencias en la incidencia del CCR entre poblaciones latinas y europeas.


Introduction: Colorectal cancer is a public health burden in the world and Colombia. Recent genome wide association studies have identified chromosomal regions associated with the disease, depicting variable risk between populations, owing to the demographic history and genetic ancestry. Objective: We aimed to study the colorectal cancer risk in Colombia provided for 20 genetic markers, by using 955 cases and 972 controls from the CHIBCHA consortium, in the context of global and local genetic ancestry. Methodology: The samples were genotyped using Axyom Affymetrix LAT and CUSTOME array in order to obtain the global genome genotypes including 20 risk SNPs. Statistical analysis was performed in PLINK (associations), ADMIXTURE (global ancestry), Elai (local ancestry) and R language (logistic models). Results: Eleven chromosomal regions were associated with ORs ranging between 1.14-1.41 (p<0.05): 18q21.1, 19q13.11, 10p14, 14q.2.2, 20p12.3, 8q23.3, 6p21.2, 15q13.3 y 8q24.21. On average, a higher global European ancestry was associated with colorectal cancer risk (OR=3.016, IC 95%:1.162-7.894, p=0.00325). At the local chromosomal level two regions presented a significant increment of European ancestry 6q23.2 (OR adjusted=1.378, CI95%: 1.202-1.580, p adjusted =4.2e-6) and 4p13 (OR adjusted =1.301, CI95%:1.137-1.489; p adjusted =0.00013). Conclusions: Genetic ancestry can be considered as a relevant factor for the colorectal cancer susceptibility in Colombia. Both Native American and European ancestry are accounting for the most part of population structure in the sample we studied, which could explain the differences for the colorectal cancer incidence between Latin American and European populations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Genetic Association Studies , Colorectal Neoplasms , Colombia , Genetic Predisposition to Disease
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